New Technique of Endoscopic Sphincterotomy with Iso-Tome(R) to Incise the Distal Papillary Roof in Patients with Choledocholiths and Choledochoduodenal Fistula

BACKGROUND/AIMS: It is sometimes difficult to incise the distal papillary roof (PR) completely in patients with choledocholiths and choledochoduodenal fistula (CDF). The Iso-Tome(R) (MTW-Endoskopie W. Haag KG), which is helpful in preventing electrical leakage, has good orientation capabilities and can be easily placed at the orifice of the CDF or ampulla of Vater (AV). We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of endoscopic sphincterotomy (ES) with the Iso-Tome(R) for cutting the distal PR. METHODS: Between May 2003 and July 2012, 35 patients were analyzed retrospectively. The distal PR was cut downward and/or upward using the Iso-tome(R) until the pink intrapapillary mucosa was fully exposed. Downward incisions were performed from the opening of the CDF to the orifice of the AV; upward incisions were performed in reverse. RESULTS: Spontaneous or artificial CDF occurred in four and 31 patients, respectively. The technical and therapeutic success rates were 94.3% (33/35) and 94.3% (33/35), respectively. There was no case of electrical damage to the pink intrapapillary mucosa. Adverse events occurred in 2.9% (1/35; 1, mild bleeding) of patients. CONCLUSIONS: The new technique of ES with the Iso-tome(R) is feasible and useful for effectively incising the distal PR in patients with CDF and choledocholiths.

New Technique of Endoscopic Sphincterotomy with Iso-Tome(R) to Incise the Distal Papillary Roof in Patients with Choledocholiths and Choledochoduodenal Fistula

BACKGROUND/AIMS: It is sometimes difficult to incise the distal papillary roof (PR) completely in patients with choledocholiths and choledochoduodenal fistula (CDF). The Iso-Tome(R) (MTW-Endoskopie W. Haag KG), which is helpful in preventing electrical leakage, has good orientation capabilities and can be easily placed at the orifice of the CDF or ampulla of Vater (AV). We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of endoscopic sphincterotomy (ES) with the Iso-Tome(R) for cutting the distal PR. METHODS: Between May 2003 and July 2012, 35 patients were analyzed retrospectively. The distal PR was cut downward and/or upward using the Iso-tome(R) until the pink intrapapillary mucosa was fully exposed. Downward incisions were performed from the opening of the CDF to the orifice of the AV; upward incisions were performed in reverse. RESULTS: Spontaneous or artificial CDF occurred in four and 31 patients, respectively. The technical and therapeutic success rates were 94.3% (33/35) and 94.3% (33/35), respectively. There was no case of electrical damage to the pink intrapapillary mucosa. Adverse events occurred in 2.9% (1/35; 1, mild bleeding) of patients. CONCLUSIONS: The new technique of ES with the Iso-tome(R) is feasible and useful for effectively incising the distal PR in patients with CDF and choledocholiths.

PCRE: ampulotomía o fistulotomía suprapapilar con needle knife para acceder a la vía biliar en canulación dificil / ERCP: ampulotomy or suprapapillary fistulotomy with needle knife to access bile ductin difficult cannulation

INTRODUCCIÓN: la canulación profunda de la via biliar principal es requisito para una Pancreato-colangiografía Retrograda Endoscópica (PCRE) de carácter terapéutico. El pre corte es una técnica practicada en casos de canulación difícil. Objetivo: Reportar los casos de pacientes con canulación difícil y fistulotomia suprapapilar como un método para la canulación selectiva del colédoco. Reportar la eficacia, hallazgos demográficos, endoscópicos y complicaciones de éste procedimiento. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: estudio prospectivo, descriptivo y observacional de casos. Se ha realizado en 93 pacientes sometidos a PCRE con canulación difícil en quienes se practicó el pre corte tipo Fistulotomia, en un Centro privado de Endoscopia Digestiva del 2000 al 2010 en Lima. RESULTADOS: En 1205 (100%) CPRE se hicieron 1152 (96%) papiloesfinterotomias, de éstos en 93 casos (8%) casos se hizo fistulotomia previa a la papiloesfinterotomia. El grupo atareo más frecuente fue de 61 a 70 años, la relación F:M, 2.4:1. La eficacia fue 96%, los hallazgos endoscópicos más frecuentes fueron Odditis, impactación de cálculo y la presencia de ampuloma, los diagnósticos finales fueron enfermedad litiásica (34%), seguida de la Odditis con o sin litiasis coledociana (29%), en el 75% de casos se realizó terapéutica, el 8.5% de casos presentó complicaciones (pancreatitis y sangrado). No se registró perforaciones ni colangitis. CONCLUSIONES: en esta serie la fistulotomia en casos de canulación difícil es eficaz, es más frecuente en casos de Odditis, cálculo impactado y ampuloma y las complicaciones son bajas. RECOMENDACIONES: el pre corte tipo fistulotomia está dirigida a pacientes que requieren PCRE terapéutica, la decisión de realizarla debe ser precoz, la firma de un consentimiento informado es primordial.

INTRODUCTION: Biliary conducts deep cannulation is a requirement for therapeutic Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangio-Pancreatography (ERCP). The pre-cut papillotomy is a technique for difficult cannulation cases. Aims: Report cases of hard cannulation and suprapapilar fistulotomy as a method for selective common bile duct cannulation. Report efficacy, demographic and endoscopic findings and complications of this procedure. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Observational, descriptive and prospective study of cases. Sample of 93 patients who had a difficult cannulation ERCP, in which suprapapilar fistulotomy pre-cut type was done, in a private digestive endoscopic center between 2000 and 2010 in Lima, Peru. RESULTS: 1205 (100%) ERCP were made 1152 (96%) papillosphincterotomies. Fistulotomy was done in 93 cases (8%) of these papillosphincterotomies. The most prevalent age group was 61 to 70 years old, the female-male proportion was 2.4:1. The efficacy was 96%. The most prevalent endoscopy findings were odditis, gallstone impactation and ampulloma presence, final diagnosis were lithiasic disease (34%), Odditis with or without common bile duct lithiasis (29%). Therapeutic ERCP was done in 75% of the cases, 8.5% showed complications (pancreatitis and bleeding). No perforation or cholangitis were registered. CONCLUSIONS: In this case series, fistulotomy in difficult cannulation procedures had good efficacy. Is most prevalent in cases with odditis, gallstone impactation and ampulloma. Complications of the procedure are low. RECOMMENDATIONS: The fistulotomy type of pre-cut is leaded for patients who require therapeutic ERCP. The decision for doing the procedure must be precocious and informed consent is primordial.

Precut papillotomy using needle knife fashioned from discarded standard papillotomes.

AIM: To evaluate the results of precut papillotomy using needle-knife papillotomes fashioned from discarded standard sphincterotomes. METHODS: Case records of 50 patients undergoing precut papillotomy for access to either common bile duct or pancreatic duct during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography were reviewed. Precut was performed using needle-knife papillotomes fashioned from standard pull-type sphicterotomes that were discarded because of broken cutting wires. A diagnostic procedure was planned in all 50 patients (bile duct = 39, pancreatic duct = 9, both ducts = 2) and therapeutic procedure in 36 patients (bile duct = 31, pancreatic duct = 5). RESULTS: Of the 47 patients who needed precut prior to diagnostic ERCP, 44 (93.6%) underwent successful cannulation of the duct of choice. Therapeutic procedures were planned in 36 patients; these were successful in 24 (67%; bile duct = 22, pancreatic duct = 2). The complications included cholangitis in 8 patients (16%) and pancreatitis in 2 (4%). None had bleeding or perforation. CONCLUSIONS: Precut needle-knife papillotomes fashioned from discarded standard sphincterotomes can be used effectively and can help in cost containment in endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography.

Esfinterotomía endoscópica. El paso anterior a la colecistectomía

Se estudiaron y tabularon treinta pacinetes consecutivos a quienes se les practicó inicialmente esfinterotomía endoscópica durante un periodo de dos años, todos con diagnóstico simultáneo de litiasis en el colédoco y vesícula biliar, siendo sometidos posteriormente veintiséis de ellos a colesistectomía por el método laparoscópico. Creemos que es un enfoque lógico por lo menos por ahora en nuestro país, en el manejo de estos enfermos, con menos complicaciones y costos

Removal of impacted basket during endoscopic papillotomy: a novel method using precut papillotome.

Basket impaction is a rare problem during endoscopic papillotomy and stone extraction for the bile duct. Mechanical lithotriptor is usually employed to break the stone, but a few patients may require surgery. We describe a patient in whom a precut papillotome was used to break the stone and remove the impacted basket.